[Tutorial] Các bước thay thế switch trong một hệ thống

[dongkhe]

Các bước thay thế switch trong một hệ thống

• Kiểm tra cấu hình hiện có rồi viết lại các yêu cầu kỹ thuật, hiện trạng kỹ thuật.
• Cấu hình trước (offline) thiết bị 3750G sao cho cấu hình đáp ứng các yêu cầu bên trên.
• Một số lỗi khi thay thế có thể gặp với dòng switch 3750: MTU trong OSPF, Vlan database, DHCP Snooping
• Nếu việc thay thế không thành công, chuyển lại switch cũ
• Thông báo dự kiến thời gian thực hiện
• Tiến hành thay thế
• Ghi chép cấu hình, sao lưu cấu hình
• Thông báo kết thúc ticket.

Bước 1: Cấu hình mới switch 3750G

service timestamps debug uptime
service timestamps log uptime
no service password-encryption
hostname DISTRIBUTION
no aaa new-model
clock timezone GMT 7
ip subnet-zero
ip routing
ip domain-name vnpro.vn

ip dhcp excluded-address 10.215.1.1 10.215.1.10
ip dhcp excluded-address 10.215.11.1 10.215.11.10
ip dhcp excluded-address 10.215.13.1 10.215.13.10
ip dhcp excluded-address 10.215.14.1 10.215.14.10
ip dhcp excluded-address 10.215.15.1 10.215.15.10
ip dhcp excluded-address 10.215.22.1 10.215.22.10
ip dhcp excluded-address 10.215.23.1 10.215.23.10
ip dhcp excluded-address 10.215.24.1 10.215.24.10
ip dhcp excluded-address 10.215.25.1 10.215.25.10
ip dhcp excluded-address 10.215.20.1 10.215.20.10

ip dhcp pool P25
network 10.215.25.0 255.255.255.0
default-router 10.215.25.1
dns-server 192.168.4.6 8.8.8.8
exit
ip dhcp pool IE&01
network 10.215.1.0 255.255.255.0
default-router 10.215.1.1
dns-server 192.168.4.6 8.8.8.8
exit
ip dhcp pool P11
network 10.215.11.0 255.255.255.0
dns-server 192.168.4.6
default-router 10.215.11.1
exit
ip dhcp pool P13
network 10.215.13.0 255.255.255.0
dns-server 192.168.4.6 8.8.8.8
default-router 10.215.13.1
exit
ip dhcp pool P14
network 10.215.14.0 255.255.255.0
dns-server 192.168.4.6 8.8.8.8
default-router 10.215.14.1
exit
ip dhcp pool P15
network 10.215.15.0 255.255.255.0
default-router 10.215.15.1
dns-server 192.168.4.6 8.8.8.8
exit
ip dhcp pool P22
network 10.215.22.0 255.255.255.0
dns-server 192.168.4.6 8.8.8.8
default-router 10.215.22.1
exit
ip dhcp pool P23
network 10.215.23.0 255.255.255.0
default-router 10.215.23.1
dns-server 192.168.4.6 8.8.8.8
exit
ip dhcp pool P24
network 10.215.24.0 255.255.255.0
dns-server 192.168.4.6 8.8.8.8
default-router 10.215.24.1
exit
ip dhcp pool Wireless-Hv
network 10.215.20.0 255.255.255.0
default-router 10.215.20.1
dns-server 192.168.4.6 8.8.8.8
exit

spanning-tree mode pvst
spanning-tree extend system-id

interface range g4/0/1 – 2
shutdown
no switchport
channel-group 1 mode on
exit
interface Port-channel1
no switchport
ip address 10.215.215.2 255.255.255.0
ip ospf priority 0
exit
interface range g4/0/1 – 2
no shutdown
exit

interface g4/0/3
no switchport
ip address 10.215.1.1 255.255.255.0
no shutdown
exit
interface G4/0/4
no switchport
no ip address
no shutdown
exit
interface G4/0/5
no switchport
no ip address
no shutdown
exit
interface G4/0/6
no switchport
ip address 10.215.11.1 255.255.255.0
no shutdown
exit
interface G4/0/7
no switchport
ip address 10.215.13.1 255.255.255.0
no shutdown
exit
interface G4/0/8
no switchport
no ip address
no shutdown
exit
interface G4/0/9
no switchport
ip address 10.215.14.1 255.255.255.0
no shutdown
exit
interface G4/0/10
no switchport
no ip address
no shutdown
exit
interface G4/0/11
no switchport
ip address 10.215.15.1 255.255.255.0
no shutdown
exit
interface G4/0/12
no switchport
no ip address
no shutdown
exit
interface G4/0/13
no switchport
ip address 10.215.22.1 255.255.255.0
no shutdown
exit
interface G4/0/14
no switchport
no ip address
no shutdown
exit
interface G4/0/15
no switchport
ip address 10.215.23.1 255.255.255.0
no shutdown
exit
interface G4/0/16
no switchport
no ip address
no shutdown
exit
interface G4/0/17
no switchport
ip address 10.215.24.1 255.255.255.0
no shutdown
exit
interface G4/0/18
no switchport
no ip address
no shutdown
exit
interface G4/0/19
no switchport
ip address 10.215.25.1 255.255.255.0
no shutdown
exit
interface G4/0/20
no switchport
ip address 10.215.20.1 255.255.255.0
no shutdown
exit
interface G4/0/21
switchport mode access
spanning-tree portfast
no shutdown
exit
interface G4/0/22
switchport mode access
spanning-tree portfast
no shutdown
exit
interface G4/0/23
switchport mode access
spanning-tree portfast
no shutdown
exit
interface G4/0/24
no switchport
ip address 10.215.26.1 255.255.255.0
no shutdown
exit

interface Vlan1
no ip address
shutdown
exit

router ospf 1
router-id 4.4.4.4
log-adjacency-changes
area 1 stub
passive-interface default
no passive-interface Port-channel1
network 10.215.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 1
network 192.168.7.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
exit

access-list 10 permit 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.255
access-list 10 permit 192.168.4.0 0.0.0.255

! ntp clock-period 17180382
ntp server 192.168.5.1
ip ssh version 2
crypto key generate rsa

line vty 0 15
access-class 10 in
exec-timeout 15 0
login local
transport input ssh
exit


Bước 2: Đấu nối cable từ thiết bị cũ sang thiết bị mới tương ứng theo các port.

Bước 3: So sánh thông tin hiển thị cũ trên mới switch 3750G có giống với nội dung hiển thị bên dưới hay không

DISTRIBUTION#sh ip int br
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
Vlan1 unassigned YES NVRAM administratively down down
FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES NVRAM up up
FastEthernet0/2 unassigned YES NVRAM up up
FastEthernet0/3 10.215.1.1 YES NVRAM up up
FastEthernet0/4 unassigned YES NVRAM down down
FastEthernet0/5 unassigned YES NVRAM down down
FastEthernet0/6 10.215.11.1 YES NVRAM up up
FastEthernet0/7 10.215.13.1 YES NVRAM up up
FastEthernet0/8 unassigned YES NVRAM down down
FastEthernet0/9 10.215.14.1 YES NVRAM up up
FastEthernet0/10 unassigned YES NVRAM down down
FastEthernet0/11 10.215.15.1 YES NVRAM up up
FastEthernet0/12 unassigned YES NVRAM down down
FastEthernet0/13 10.215.22.1 YES NVRAM up up
FastEthernet0/14 unassigned YES NVRAM down down
FastEthernet0/15 10.215.23.1 YES NVRAM up up
FastEthernet0/16 unassigned YES NVRAM down down
FastEthernet0/17 10.215.24.1 YES NVRAM up up
FastEthernet0/18 unassigned YES NVRAM down down
FastEthernet0/19 10.215.25.1 YES NVRAM up up
FastEthernet0/20 10.215.20.1 YES NVRAM down down
FastEthernet0/21 unassigned YES unset down down
FastEthernet0/22 unassigned YES unset down down
FastEthernet0/23 unassigned YES unset down down
FastEthernet0/24 10.215.26.1 YES NVRAM up up
GigabitEthernet0/1 unassigned YES unset down down
GigabitEthernet0/2 unassigned YES unset down down
Port-channel1 10.215.215.2 YES NVRAM up up

DISTRIBUTION#


DISTRIBUTION# sh vlan

VLAN Name Status Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------
1 default active Fa0/21, Fa0/22, Fa0/23, Gi0/1, Gi0/2
1002 fddi-default act/unsup
1003 token-ring-default act/unsup
1004 fddinet-default act/unsup
1005 trnet-default act/unsup

VLAN Type SAID MTU Parent RingNo BridgeNo Stp BrdgMode Trans1 Trans2
---- ----- ---------- ----- ------ ------ -------- ---- -------- ------ ------
1 enet 100001 1500 - - - - - 0 0
1002 fddi 101002 1500 - - - - - 0 0
1003 tr 101003 1500 - - - - - 0 0
1004 fdnet 101004 1500 - - - ieee - 0 0
1005 trnet 101005 1500 - - - ibm - 0 0

Remote SPAN VLANs
------------------------------------------------------------------------------


Primary Secondary Type Ports
------- --------- ----------------- ------------------------------------------



DISTRIBUTION#


DISTRIBUTION#sh ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is 10.215.215.1 to network 0.0.0.0

10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 11 subnets
C 10.215.215.0 is directly connected, Port-channel1
C 10.215.25.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/19
C 10.215.24.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/17
C 10.215.26.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/24
C 10.215.23.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/15
C 10.215.22.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/13
C 10.215.13.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/7
C 10.215.15.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/11
C 10.215.14.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/9
C 10.215.11.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/6
C 10.215.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/3
O*IA 0.0.0.0/0 [110/2] via 10.215.215.1, 02:09:50, Port-channel1
DISTRIBUTION#


DISRIBUTION#sh cdp nei detail
-------------------------
Device ID: SW-VUE-PRO.vnpro.org
Entry address(es):
IP address: 192.168.2.254
Platform: cisco WS-C2950-24, Capabilities: Switch IGMP
Interface: FastEthernet0/3, Port ID (outgoing port): FastEthernet0/10
Holdtime : 158 sec

Version :
Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software
IOS (tm) C2950 Software (C2950-I6Q4L2-M), Version 12.1(22)EA2, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)
Copyright (c) 1986-2004 by cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Sun 07-Nov-04 23:14 by antonino

advertisement version: 2
Protocol Hello: OUI=0x00000C, Protocol ID=0x0112; payload len=27, value=00000000FFFFFFFF010221FF0000000000000013C429 3A40FF0000
VTP Management Domain: 'ONT'
Native VLAN: 1
Duplex: full
Management address(es):
IP address: 192.168.2.254

-------------------------
Device ID: sw15
Entry address(es):
IP address: 10.215.15.11
Platform: cisco WS-C2960-24TT-L, Capabilities: Switch IGMP
Interface: FastEthernet0/11, Port ID (outgoing port): FastEthernet0/24
Holdtime : 139 sec

Version :
Cisco IOS Software, C2960 Software (C2960-LANBASE-M), Version 12.2(35)SE5, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)
Copyright (c) 1986-2007 by Cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Thu 19-Jul-07 20:06 by nachen

advertisement version: 2
Protocol Hello: OUI=0x00000C, Protocol ID=0x0112; payload len=27, value=00000000FFFFFFFF010221FF000000000000002652D0 3800FF0000
VTP Management Domain: ''
Native VLAN: 1
Duplex: full
Management address(es):
IP address: 10.215.15.11

-------------------------
Device ID: sw13
Entry address(es):
Platform: cisco WS-C2960-24TT-L, Capabilities: Switch IGMP
Interface: FastEthernet0/7, Port ID (outgoing port): FastEthernet0/23
Holdtime : 140 sec

Version :
Cisco IOS Software, C2960 Software (C2960-LANBASE-M), Version 12.2(35)SE5, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)
Copyright (c) 1986-2007 by Cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Thu 19-Jul-07 20:06 by nachen

advertisement version: 2
Protocol Hello: OUI=0x00000C, Protocol ID=0x0112; payload len=27, value=00000000FFFFFFFF010221FF0000000000000024F7A1 BC80FF0000
VTP Management Domain: ''
Native VLAN: 13
Duplex: full
Management address(es):

-------------------------
Device ID: SW-Staff-Tang2.vnpro.vn
Entry address(es):
IP address: 192.168.3.21
Platform: cisco WS-C3750G-24T, Capabilities: Switch IGMP
Interface: FastEthernet0/24, Port ID (outgoing port): GigabitEthernet3/0/24
Holdtime : 165 sec

Version :
Cisco IOS Software, C3750 Software (C3750-IPSERVICESK9-M), Version 12.2(55)SE6, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)
Technical Support: http://www.cisco.com/techsupport
Copyright (c) 1986-2012 by Cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Mon 23-Jul-12 13:22 by prod_rel_team

advertisement version: 2
Protocol Hello: OUI=0x00000C, Protocol ID=0x0112; payload len=27, value=00000000FFFFFFFF010221FF000000000000F4ACC11F 3900FF0000
VTP Management Domain: ''
Native VLAN: 26
Duplex: full
Management address(es):
IP address: 192.168.3.21

-------------------------
Device ID: Switch
Entry address(es):
IP address: 10.215.23.12
Platform: cisco WS-C2950-24, Capabilities: Switch IGMP
Interface: FastEthernet0/15, Port ID (outgoing port): FastEthernet0/24
Holdtime : 129 sec

Version :
Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software
IOS (tm) C2950 Software (C2950-I6K2L2Q4-M), Version 12.1(22)EA8a, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)
Copyright (c) 1986-2006 by cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Fri 28-Jul-06 17:00 by weiliu

advertisement version: 2
Protocol Hello: OUI=0x00000C, Protocol ID=0x0112; payload len=27, value=00000000FFFFFFFF010231FF000000000000000C28A5 B580FF0000
VTP Management Domain: 'ONT'
Native VLAN: 1
Duplex: full
Management address(es):
IP address: 10.215.23.12

-------------------------
Device ID: Switch
Entry address(es):
IP address: 10.215.22.11
Platform: cisco WS-C2950-24, Capabilities: Switch IGMP
Interface: FastEthernet0/13, Port ID (outgoing port): FastEthernet0/24
Holdtime : 124 sec

Version :
Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software
IOS (tm) C2950 Software (C2950-I6Q4L2-M), Version 12.1(22)EA2, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)
Copyright (c) 1986-2004 by cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Sun 07-Nov-04 23:14 by antonino

advertisement version: 2
Protocol Hello: OUI=0x00000C, Protocol ID=0x0112; payload len=27, value=00000000FFFFFFFF010231FF000000000000000F239D C640FF0000
VTP Management Domain: 'ONT'
Native VLAN: 1
Duplex: full
Management address(es):
IP address: 10.215.22.11

-------------------------
Device ID: Switch
Entry address(es):
Platform: cisco WS-C2950-24, Capabilities: Switch IGMP
Interface: FastEthernet0/6, Port ID (outgoing port): FastEthernet0/1
Holdtime : 164 sec

Version :
Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software
IOS (tm) C2950 Software (C2950-I6K2L2Q4-M), Version 12.1(22)EA8a, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)
Copyright (c) 1986-2006 by cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Fri 28-Jul-06 17:00 by weiliu

advertisement version: 2
Protocol Hello: OUI=0x00000C, Protocol ID=0x0112; payload len=27, value=00000000FFFFFFFF010231FF000000000000000C28A8 0240FF0000
VTP Management Domain: 'ONT'
Native VLAN: 1
Duplex: full
Management address(es):

-------------------------
Device ID: Switch
Entry address(es):
IP address: 10.215.14.11
Platform: cisco WS-C2960-24TT-L, Capabilities: Switch IGMP
Interface: FastEthernet0/9, Port ID (outgoing port): FastEthernet0/24
Holdtime : 139 sec

Version :
Cisco IOS Software, C2960 Software (C2960-LANBASE-M), Version 12.2(35)SE5, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)
Copyright (c) 1986-2007 by Cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Thu 19-Jul-07 20:06 by nachen

advertisement version: 2
Protocol Hello: OUI=0x00000C, Protocol ID=0x0112; payload len=27, value=00000000FFFFFFFF010231FF000000000000002652F9 3580FF0000
VTP Management Domain: ''
Native VLAN: 1
Duplex: full
Management address(es):
IP address: 10.215.14.11

-------------------------
Device ID: CORE_SWITCH
Entry address(es):
IP address: 10.215.215.1
Platform: cisco WS-C3560V2-24TS, Capabilities: Router Switch IGMP
Interface: FastEthernet0/2, Port ID (outgoing port): FastEthernet0/2
Holdtime : 136 sec

Version :
Cisco IOS Software, C3560 Software (C3560-IPSERVICESK9-M), Version 12.2(50)SE1, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc2)
Copyright (c) 1986-2009 by Cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Mon 06-Apr-09 08:00 by amvarma

advertisement version: 2
Protocol Hello: OUI=0x00000C, Protocol ID=0x0112; payload len=27, value=00000000FFFFFFFF01022501000000000000C0626B3F 7A80FF0000
VTP Management Domain: 'ONT'
Duplex: full
Management address(es):
IP address: 10.215.215.1

-------------------------
Device ID: CORE_SWITCH
Entry address(es):
IP address: 10.215.215.1
Platform: cisco WS-C3560V2-24TS, Capabilities: Router Switch IGMP
Interface: FastEthernet0/1, Port ID (outgoing port): FastEthernet0/1
Holdtime : 136 sec

Version :
Cisco IOS Software, C3560 Software (C3560-IPSERVICESK9-M), Version 12.2(50)SE1, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc2)
Copyright (c) 1986-2009 by Cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Mon 06-Apr-09 08:00 by amvarma

advertisement version: 2
Protocol Hello: OUI=0x00000C, Protocol ID=0x0112; payload len=27, value=00000000FFFFFFFF01022501000000000000C0626B3F 7A80FF0000
VTP Management Domain: 'ONT'
Duplex: full
Management address(es):
IP address: 10.215.215.1

-------------------------
Device ID: Student_2.vnpro.24
Entry address(es):
IP address: 10.215.219.10
Platform: cisco WS-C2950-24, Capabilities: Switch IGMP
Interface: FastEthernet0/17, Port ID (outgoing port): FastEthernet0/24
Holdtime : 122 sec

Version :
Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software
IOS (tm) C2950 Software (C2950-I6Q4L2-M), Version 12.1(20)EA1, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)
Copyright (c) 1986-2004 by cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Wed 04-Feb-04 21:21 by yenanh

advertisement version: 2
Protocol Hello: OUI=0x00000C, Protocol ID=0x0112; payload len=27, value=00000000FFFFFFFF010221FF000000000000000F28A8 E540FF0000
VTP Management Domain: ''
Native VLAN: 1
Duplex: full
Management address(es):
IP address: 10.215.219.10


Bước 4: Ping kiểm tra
Ping 10.215.15.11
Ping 192.168.3.21
Ping 10.215.23.12
Ping 10.215.22.11
Ping 10.215.14.11
Ping 10.215.215.1
Ping 8.8.8.8

[mr.congdd]

Cảm ơn anh, bài viết rất ý nghĩa