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Mô tả:
Bài thực hành này hướng dẫn quá trình kích hoạt WFQ trên cổng và hiểu được hoạt động của WFQ, WFQ là công cụ hàng đợi rất dễ trong việc cấu hình bởi vi hành vi mặc định khi xem xét lưu lượng dựa vào khái niệm flow (kết hợp các thông tin bao gồm địa chỉ IP nguồn, đích, cổng nguồn, đích, giá trị trong byte ToS) và đối xử tất cả lưu lượng một cách công bằng trong việc dành băng thông.
Do đó để hiểu hoạt động của WFQ cần nắm rõ những thông số được cung cấp trong những lệnh show.
Thực hiện:
Cấu hình ban đầu:
Cấu hình trên R1:
R1#sh run
Building configuration...
Current configuration:
!
version 12.0
!
hostname R1
!
ip subnet-zero
!
voice-port 1/1/0
!
voice-port 1/1/1
!
!
dial-peer voice 1 pots
destination-pattern 101
port 1/1/0
!
dial-peer voice 2 voip
destination-pattern 201
session target ipv4:192.168.2.2
!
!
interface Ethernet0/0
ip address 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.0
no ip directed-broadcast
!
interface Serial0/0
ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
no ip directed-broadcast
!
ip classless
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.2
no ip http server
!
!
line con 0
transport input none
line aux 0
line vty 0 4
privilege level 15
no login
!
no scheduler allocate
end
R1#
Cấu hình trên R3:
R3#sh run
Building configuration...
Current configuration : 932 bytes
!
version 12.2
!
hostname R3
!
ip subnet-zero
!
!
interface Loopback0
ip address 100.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Ethernet0/0
no ip address
shutdown
half-duplex
!
interface Serial0/0
ip address 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0
clockrate 2000000
!
ip http server
ip classless
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.2.1
!
call rsvp-sync
!
voice-port 1/0/0
!
voice-port 1/0/1
!
!
mgcp profile default
!
dial-peer cor custom
!
dial-peer voice 1 pots
destination-pattern 201
port 1/0/0
!
dial-peer voice 2 voip
destination-pattern 101
session target ipv4:192.168.1.1
!
!
line con 0
line aux 0
line vty 0 4
privilege level 15
no login
!
!
end
Cấu hình trên R2:
R2#show run
Building configuration...
Current configuration : 920 bytes
!
version 12.2
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname R2
!
logging queue-limit 100
!
ip subnet-zero
!
!
no ip domain lookup
ip host R3 192.168.2.2
ip host R1 192.168.1.1
!
ip cef
mpls ldp logging neighbor-changes
!
no voice hpi capture buffer
no voice hpi capture destination
!
!
mta receive maximum-recipients 0
!
interface Ethernet0/0
ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0
half-duplex
!
interface Serial0/0
ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0
clockrate 2000000
no fair-queue
!
interface Serial0/1
ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
!
ip http server
ip classless
ip route 100.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.2
ip route 192.168.0.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1
!
call rsvp-sync
!
!
mgcp profile default
!
dial-peer cor custom
!
line con 0
line aux 0
line vty 0 4
privilege level 15
no login
!
!
end
Cấu hình cơ chế hàng đợi WFQ và kiểm tra kết quả
Bật cơ chế hàng đợi WFQ trên cổng s0/1 của R2
R2#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R2(config)#interface s0/1
R2(config-if)#fair-queue // Dùng hàng đợi WFQ trên cống s0/1
Kiểm tra cấu hình
R2#sh interfaces s0/1
Serial0/1 is up, line protocol is up
Hardware is PowerQUICC Serial
Internet address is 192.168.2.1/24
MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec,
reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255
Encapsulation HDLC, loopback not set
Keepalive set (10 sec)
Last input 00:00:01, output 00:00:02, output hang never
Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
Input queue: 0/75/0/0 (size/max/drops/flushes); Total output drops: 0
Queueing strategy: weighted fair
Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops)
Conversations 0/1/256 (active/max active/max total)
Reserved Conversations 0/0 (allocated/max allocated)
Available Bandwidth 1158 kilobits/sec
5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
8500 packets input, 1347403 bytes, 0 no buffer
Received 957 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
2 input errors, 0 CRC, 2 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
7528 packets output, 602047 bytes, 0 underruns
0 output errors, 0 collisions, 21 interface resets
0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
8 carrier transitions
DCD=up DSR=up DTR=up RTS=up CTS=up
R2#sh queueing fair
Current fair queue configuration:
Interface Discard Dynamic Reserved Link Priority
threshold queues queues queues queues
Serial0/0 64 256 0 8 1
Serial0/1 64 256 0 8 1
R2#
R2#sh queueing fair interface s0/1
Current fair queue configuration:
Interface Discard Dynamic Reserved Link Priority
threshold queues queues queues queues
Serial0/0 64 256 0 8 1
Serial0/1 64 256 0 8 1
Tạo lượng lớn Traffic trên host A và quan sát kết quả
R2#sh queue s0/1
Input queue: 0/75/0/0 (size/max/drops/flushes); Total output drops: 0
Queueing strategy: weighted fair
Output queue: 19/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops)
Conversations 6/6/256 (active/max active/max total)
Reserved Conversations 0/0 (allocated/max allocated)
Available Bandwidth 1158 kilobits/sec
(depth/weight/total drops/no-buffer drops/interleaves) 1/32384/0/0/0
Conversation 25, linktype: ip, length: 52
source: 192.168.0.2, destination: 192.168.2.2, id: 0x12BB, ttl: 126,
TOS: 0 prot: 6, source port 1257, destination port 80
(depth/weight/total drops/no-buffer drops/interleaves) 1/32384/0/0/0
Conversation 24, linktype: ip, length: 52
source: 192.168.0.2, destination: 192.168.2.2, id: 0x12B9, ttl: 126,
TOS: 0 prot: 6, source port 1256, destination port 80
(depth/weight/total drops/no-buffer drops/interleaves) 1/32384/0/0/0
Conversation 22, linktype: ip, length: 44
source: 192.168.0.2, destination: 192.168.2.2, id: 0x12BD, ttl: 126,
TOS: 0 prot: 6, source port 1254, destination port 80
(depth/weight/total drops/no-buffer drops/interleaves) 1/32384/0/0/0
Conversation 23, linktype: ip, length: 44
source: 192.168.0.2, destination: 192.168.2.2, id: 0x12BC, ttl: 126,
TOS: 0 prot: 6, source port 1255, destination port 80
(depth/weight/total drops/no-buffer drops/interleaves) 5/32384/0/0/0
Conversation 215, linktype: ip, length: 1152
source: 192.168.0.2, destination: 192.168.2.2, id: 0x12AE, ttl: 126, prot: 1
(depth/weight/total drops/no-buffer drops/interleaves) 10/32384/0/0/0
Conversation 210, linktype: ip, length: 1504
source: 192.168.0.2, destination: 100.1.1.1, id: 0x12B7, ttl: 126, prot: 1
R2(config)#interface s0/1
R2(config-if)#fair-queue 100 64 10 // Thay đổi các tham số mặc định của WFQ (cdt = 100, dynamic queues = 64, RSVP queues=10)
R2(config-if)#hold-queue 500 out // kích cỡ hàng đợi lớn nhất 500
R2#sh interfaces s0/1
Serial0/1 is up, line protocol is up
Hardware is PowerQUICC Serial
Internet address is 192.168.2.1/24
MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec,
reliability 255/255, txload 9/255, rxload 9/255
Encapsulation HDLC, loopback not set
Keepalive set (10 sec)
Last input 00:00:07, output 00:00:00, output hang never
Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
Input queue: 0/75/0/0 (size/max/drops/flushes); Total output drops: 0
Queueing strategy: weighted fair
Output queue: 9/500/100/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops)
Conversations 2/3/64 (active/max active/max total)
Reserved Conversations 0/0 (allocated/max allocated)
Available Bandwidth 1158 kilobits/sec
5 minute input rate 55000 bits/sec, 5 packets/sec
5 minute output rate 56000 bits/sec, 5 packets/sec
11960 packets input, 4463874 bytes, 0 no buffer
Received 1129 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
2 input errors, 0 CRC, 2 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
10878 packets output, 3728865 bytes, 0 underruns
0 output errors, 0 collisions, 23 interface resets
0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
10 carrier transitions
DCD=up DSR=up DTR=up RTS=up CTS=up
R2#sh queueing fair
Current fair queue configuration:
Interface Discard Dynamic Reserved Link Priority
threshold queues queues queues queues
Serial0/0 64 256 0 8 1
Serial0/1 100 64 10 8 1
R2#sh queue s0/1
Input queue: 0/75/0/0 (size/max/drops/flushes); Total output drops: 0
Queueing strategy: weighted fair
Output queue: 9/500/100/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops)
Conversations 4/7/64 (active/max active/max total)
Reserved Conversations 0/0 (allocated/max allocated)
Available Bandwidth 1158 kilobits/sec
(depth/weight/total drops/no-buffer drops/interleaves) 3/32384/0/0/0
Conversation 26, linktype: ip, length: 44
source: 192.168.0.2, destination: 192.168.2.2, id: 0x173A, ttl: 126,
TOS: 0 prot: 6, source port 1321, destination port 80
(depth/weight/total drops/no-buffer drops/interleaves) 1/32384/0/0/0
Conversation 27, linktype: ip, length: 52
source: 192.168.0.2, destination: 192.168.2.2, id: 0x173E, ttl: 126,
TOS: 0 prot: 6, source port 1322, destination port 80
(depth/weight/total drops/no-buffer drops/interleaves) 2/32384/0/0/0
Conversation 18, linktype: ip, length: 1504
source: 192.168.0.2, destination: 100.1.1.1, id: 0x172E, ttl: 126, prot: 1
(depth/weight/total drops/no-buffer drops/interleaves) 3/32384/0/0/0
Conversation 23, linktype: ip, length: 1504
source: 192.168.0.2, destination: 192.168.2.2, id: 0x1736, ttl: 126, prot: 1
//
Tạo lượng lớn Traffic thông qua lệnh Ping để tạo ra nghẽn Traffic trên cống và quan sát kết quả
R2#sh queueing fair
Current fair queue configuration:
Interface Discard Dynamic Reserved Link Priority
threshold queues queues queues queues
Serial0/0 64 256 0 8 1
Serial0/1 10 64 10 8 1
R2#
R2#sh queue s0/1
Input queue: 0/75/0/0 (size/max/drops/flushes); Total output drops: 311
Queueing strategy: weighted fair
Output queue: 6/500/10/311 (size/max total/threshold/drops)
Conversations 2/29/64 (active/max active/max total)
Reserved Conversations 0/0 (allocated/max allocated)
Available Bandwidth 1158 kilobits/sec
(depth/weight/total drops/no-buffer drops/interleaves) 2/32384/112/0/0
Conversation 23, linktype: ip, length: 44
source: 192.168.0.2, destination: 192.168.2.2, id: 0x2556, ttl: 126,
TOS: 0 prot: 6, source port 1701, destination port 80
(depth/weight/total drops/no-buffer drops/interleaves) 4/32384/199/0/0
Conversation 18, linktype: ip, length: 1504
source: 192.168.0.2, destination: 100.1.1.1, id: 0x255B, ttl: 126, prot: 1
R2# sh interfaces s0/1
Serial0/1 is up, line protocol is up
Hardware is PowerQUICC Serial
Internet address is 192.168.2.1/24
MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec,
reliability 255/255, txload 9/255, rxload 6/255
Encapsulation HDLC, loopback not set
Keepalive set (10 sec)
Last input 00:00:07, output 00:00:00, output hang never
Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
Input queue: 0/75/0/0 (size/max/drops/flushes); Total output drops: 633
Queueing strategy: weighted fair
Output queue: 9/500/10/633 (size/max total/threshold/drops)
Conversations 2/29/64 (active/max active/max total)
Reserved Conversations 0/0 (allocated/max allocated)
Available Bandwidth 1158 kilobits/sec
30 second input rate 39000 bits/sec, 4 packets/sec
30 second output rate 55000 bits/sec, 5 packets/sec
22970 packets input, 17154038 bytes, 0 no buffer
Received 1367 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
2 input errors, 0 CRC, 2 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
22865 packets output, 17103407 bytes, 0 underruns
0 output errors, 0 collisions, 25 interface resets
0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
10 carrier transitions
DCD=up DSR=up DTR=up RTS=up CTS=up
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